Maximizing the energy efficiency of a heat pump comes down to one often-overlooked factor: the placement of the outdoor unit. At AirGreen, with our extensive expertise in HVAC system installations across Montréal, Laval, Longueuil, the North Shore and the South Shore, we’ve seen firsthand how poor placement choices can lead to performance loss, unnecessary noise, and even a shorter lifespan for the equipment. Here’s why this seemingly simple detail deserves strategic attention.
A successful heat pump installation begins with assessing the site
Before installing a heat pump, we conduct a full evaluation of the property’s exterior layout. We assess the home’s orientation, nearby vegetation, heat sources (like asphalt or sun-exposed walls), and even prevailing wind directions.
Real examples: what we’ve seen in the field
During the installation of a Fujitsu 36,000 BTU central heat pump in Laval, the client initially asked us to place the outdoor unit behind the house, near the kitchen. While this seemed like a logical aesthetic choice, the location was in a corner with no airflow, full sun exposure in the afternoon, and wedged between two walls. We demonstrated to the client, with supporting data, that this choice would likely result in overheating of the unit in summer and ice buildup in winter, significantly reducing its performance.
We proposed an alternative location—slightly farther but better ventilated and partially shaded. The result: a quieter system, more efficient operation, and a 12% reduction in annual energy consumption, based on the client’s own records.
Critical factors to consider when placing an outdoor unit
1. Airflow
An outdoor unit needs free-flowing air circulation to effectively dissipate heat. Placing the unit too close to a wall or in a recessed corner restricts airflow, which leads to heat buildup, reduced efficiency, and premature compressor wear.
AirGreen Tip: Leave at least 60 cm of clearance around the unit and 150 cm above, keeping it away from dryer or stove vents.
2. Sun and weather exposure
Extended exposure to direct sunlight can increase the unit’s operating temperature, making it work harder. Conversely, direct exposure to cold winter winds can lead to frequent freezing.
Pro Tip: Installing a vented sunshade or awning can offer protection without obstructing airflow. On the North Shore, where winter storms are common, we often recommend custom-built partial enclosures for heat pumps.
3. Ground level and drainage
Uneven ground or areas prone to water accumulation can damage the unit’s base. A heat pump installed directly on soil may absorb moisture, accelerating corrosion.
At AirGreen, we always install units on raised platforms (concrete pads, composite slabs, or metal stands) with a slight slope to ensure proper drainage.
4. Noise disturbances
Are there bedroom windows, balconies, or outdoor living areas nearby? Poor placement can cause unwanted noise for occupants or neighbors. Even though modern heat pumps are quiet (e.g., Gree Extreme, 18,000 BTU, 56 dB), residual noise can still be bothersome.
We always orient the unit to limit sound propagation, especially avoiding directing the fan toward hard surfaces (walls, fences) that could reflect the noise.
What Quebec regulations say
In Montréal and several South Shore cities like Brossard or Saint-Lambert, municipal bylaws require a minimum distance between the outdoor unit and property lines (often 1.5 meters). Failing to comply can lead to fines or having to relocate the unit at your own cost.
We systematically check local regulations before every installation to ensure full compliance.
Case study: Bosch BOVA36HDN1M20G central heat pump in Longueuil
In this single-family home, the client wanted a high-efficiency central heat pump (SEER 20, HSPF 10, 36,000 BTU). Upon analyzing the proposed location, we noted that it was directly exposed to strong winter winds. Our solution: we built a semi-open wooden windbreak, placed the unit on a galvanized raised base 35 cm off the ground, and oriented the vents away from foot traffic.
The client reported notably less frost buildup, and better heating performance during the most recent winter season.
The AirGreen expertise: beyond basic installation
Our role isn’t just connecting ducts or mounting wall units. Every installation is approached as a custom project, incorporating your constraints, the building’s layout, and local climate conditions.
We also provide post-installation follow-ups to verify the actual performance of the heat pump and offer adjustment recommendations if needed.
Practical tips before installing a heat pump
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Avoid confined corners or recesses surrounded by walls.
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Consider snow removal in winter: don’t place the unit where snow from the roof might fall directly on it.
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Leave enough space for regular maintenance.
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Discuss all options with your installer to find the best solution based on your property layout.
Conclusion: Placement is a critical factor
A poorly placed heat pump can lose up to 25% of its efficiency, according to several studies. This figure can climb even higher if the unit overheats, is obstructed, or has inadequate drainage.
At AirGreen, every project is guided by a rigorous methodology. Whether you live in Montréal, Laval, Longueuil, the North Shore, or the South Shore, we’re your trusted partner for an efficient, durable, and optimized central heat pump installation.